 | This module is rated as ready for general use. It has reached a mature form and is thought to be relatively bug-free and ready for use wherever appropriate. It is ready to mention on help pages and other Wikipedia resources as an option for new users to learn. To reduce server load and bad output, it should be improved by sandbox testing rather than repeated trial-and-error editing. |
 | This module is subject to page protection. It is a highly visible module in use by a very large number of pages, or is substituted very frequently. Because vandalism or mistakes would affect many pages, and even trivial editing might cause substantial load on the servers, it is protected from editing. |
 | This Lua module is used on approximately 338,000 pages, or roughly 1% of all pages. To avoid major disruption and server load, any changes should be tested in the module's /sandbox or /testcases subpages, or in your own module sandbox. The tested changes can be added to this page in a single edit. Consider discussing changes on the talk page before implementing them. |
 | This module depends on the following other modules: |
Implements {{sfn}}, {{harvard citation}}, and variants of those templates.
For an explanation of generated error messages and how to alter their appearance, see here.
For end-to-end tests of the sandbox version of this module, see Template:Sfnp/test 1, Template:Sfnp/test 2 and Template:Sfnp/test 3.
Tracking categories
require('strict');
local getArgs = require ('Module:Arguments').getArgs;
--[[--------------------------< A R G S _ D E F A U L T >------------------------------------------------------
a table to specify initial values.
]]
local args_default = {
group = '',
bracket_left = '',
bracket_right = '',
bracket_year_left = '',
bracket_year_right = '',
postscript = '',
page = '',
pages = '',
location = '',
page_sep = ", p. ",
pages_sep = ", pp. ",
ref = '',
template = 'harv', -- if template name not provided in {{#invoke:}} use this
};
--[[--------------------------< T A R G E T _ C H E C K >------------------------------------------------------
look for anchor_id (CITEREF name-list and year or text from |ref=) in anchor_id_list
the 'no target' error may be suppressed with |ignore-err=yes when target cannot be found because target is inside
a template that wraps another template; 'multiple targets' error may not be suppressed
]]
local function target_check (anchor_id, args)
local namespace = mw.title.getCurrentTitle().namespace;
local anchor_id_list_module = mw.loadData ('Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list');
local anchor_id_list = anchor_id_list_module.anchor_id_list;
local article_whitelist = anchor_id_list_module.article_whitelist;
local template_list = anchor_id_list_module.template_list;
local citeref_patterns = anchor_id_list_module.citeref_patterns
local whitelist_module = mw.loadData ('Module:Footnotes/whitelist');
local whitelist = whitelist_module.whitelist;
local tally = anchor_id_list[anchor_id]; -- nil when anchor_id not in list; else a tally
local msg;
local category;
if not tally then
if args.ignore then
return ''; -- if ignore is true then no message, no category
end
if article_whitelist and article_whitelist[anchor_id] then -- if an article-local whitelist and anchor ID is in it
return ''; -- done
end
local wl_anchor_id = anchor_id; -- copy to be modified to index into the whitelist
if args.year then -- for anchor IDs created by this template (not in |ref=) that have a date
if args.year:match ('%d%l$') or -- use the date value to determine if we should remove the disambiguator
args.year:match ('n%.d%.%l$') or
args.year:match ('nd%l$') then
wl_anchor_id = wl_anchor_id:gsub ('%l$', ''); -- remove the disambiguator
end
end
local t_tbl = whitelist[wl_anchor_id]; -- get list of templates associated with this anchor ID
if t_tbl then -- when anchor ID not whitelisted t_tbl is nil
for _, t in ipairs (t_tbl) do -- spin through the list of templates associated with this anchor ID
if template_list[t] then -- if associated template is found in the list of templates in the article
return ''; -- anchor ID is whitlisted and article has matching template so no error
end
end
end
for _, pattern in ipairs(citeref_patterns) do -- load patterns for wrapper templates on this page
if anchor_id:match(pattern) then -- spin through the special patterns and try to match
return ''
end
end
msg = 'no target: ' .. anchor_id; -- anchor_id not found
mw.log(msg)
if namespace == 10 and not args.show then -- do not generate error message in template namespace
return ''
end
category = '[[Category:Harv and Sfn no-target errors]]';
elseif 1 < tally then
msg = 'multiple targets (' .. tally .. '×): ' .. anchor_id; -- more than one anchor_id in this article
mw.log(msg)
if namespace == 10 and not args.show then -- do not generate error message in template namespace
return ''
end
category = 0 == namespace and '[[Category:Harv and Sfn multiple-target errors]]' or ''; -- only categorize in article space
return '<span class="error harv-error" style="display: inline; font-size:100%"> ' .. args.template .. ' error: ' .. msg .. ' ([[:Category:Harv and Sfn template errors|help]])</span>' .. category;
end
-- category = 0 == namespace and '[[Category:Harv and Sfn template errors]]' or ''; -- only categorize in article space
category = 0 == namespace and category or ''; -- only categorize in article space
-- display based on args.show (no display by default)
local display = args.show and 'inline' or 'none'
return msg and '<span class="error harv-error" style="display: '..display..'; font-size:100%"> ' .. args.template .. ' error: ' .. msg .. ' ([[:Category:Harv and Sfn template errors|help]])</span>' .. category or '';
end
--[[--------------------------< I S _ Y E A R >----------------------------------------------------------------
evaluates param to see if it is one of these forms with or without lowercase letter disambiguator:
YYYY
n.d.
nd
c. YYYY
YYYY–YYYY (separator is endash)
YYYY–YY (separator is endash)
return true when param has a recognized form; false else
]]
local patterns_date= {
'^%d%d%d%d?%l?$',
'^n%.d%.%l?$',
'^nd%l?$',
'^c%. %d%d%d%d?%l?$',
'^%d%d%d%d–%d%d%d%d%l?$',
'^%d%d%d%d–%d%d%l?$',
}
local function is_year (param, args)
args.year = ''; -- used for harv error;
for _, pattern in ipairs (patterns_date) do
if mw.ustring.match (param, pattern) then
args.year = param; -- used for harv error;
return true;
end
end
end
--[[--------------------------< C O R E >----------------------------------------------------------------------
returns an anchor link (CITEREF) formed from one to four author names, year, and insource location (|p=, |pp=, loc=)
]]
local function core( args )
local result;
local err_msg = ''
if args.P5 ~= '' then
if is_year (args.P5, args) then
result = table.concat ({args.P1, ' et al. ', args.bracket_year_left, args.P5, args.bracket_year_right});
else
args.P5 = ''; -- when P5 not a year don't include in anchor
result = table.concat ({args.P1, ' et al.'}); -- and don't render it
end
elseif args.P4 ~= '' then
if is_year (args.P4, args) then
result = table.concat ({args.P1, ', ', args.P2, ' & ', args.P3, ' ', args.bracket_year_left, args.P4, args.bracket_year_right}); -- three names and a year
else
result = table.concat ({args.P1, ' et al.'}); -- four names
end
elseif args.P3 ~= '' then
if is_year (args.P3, args) then
result = table.concat ({args.P1, ' & ', args.P2, ' ', args.bracket_year_left, args.P3, args.bracket_year_right}); -- two names and a year
else
result = table.concat ({args.P1, ', ', args.P2, ' ', ' & ', args.P3}); -- three names
end
elseif args.P2 ~= '' then
if is_year (args.P2, args) then
result = table.concat ({args.P1, ' ', args.bracket_year_left, args.P2, args.bracket_year_right}); -- one name and year
else
result = table.concat ({args.P1, ' & ', args.P2}); -- two names
end
else
result = args.P1; -- one name
end
-- when author-date result ends with a dot (typically when the last positional parameter holds 'n.d.')
-- and when no in-source location (no |p=, |pp=, or |loc=)
-- and when the first or only character in args.postscript is a dot
-- remove the author-date result trailing dot
-- the author-date result trailing dot will be replaced later with the content of args.postscript (usually a dot)
if ('.' == result:sub(-1)) and ('.' == args.postscript:sub(1)) and ('' == args.page) and ('' == args.pages) and ('' == args.location) then
result = result:gsub ('%.$', '');
end
if args.ref ~= 'none' then
local anchor_id;
if args.ref ~= '' then
anchor_id = mw.uri.anchorEncode (args.ref);
err_msg = target_check (anchor_id, args);
result = table.concat ({'[[#', anchor_id, '|', result, ']]'});
else
anchor_id = mw.uri.anchorEncode (table.concat ({'CITEREF', args.P1, args.P2, args.P3, args.P4, args.P5}));
err_msg = target_check (anchor_id, args);
result = table.concat ({'[[#', anchor_id, '|', result, ']]'});
end
end
if args.page ~= '' then
result = table.concat ({result, args.page_sep, args.page});
elseif args.pages ~= ''then
result = table.concat ({result, args.pages_sep, args.pages});
end
if args.location ~= '' then
result = table.concat ({result, ', ', args.location});
end
result = table.concat ({args.bracket_left, result, args.bracket_right, args.postscript}):gsub ('%s+', ' '); -- strip redundant spaces
return result .. err_msg;
end
--[[--------------------------< H Y P H E N _ T O _ D A S H >--------------------------------------------------
Converts a hyphen to a dash under certain conditions. The hyphen must separate
like items; unlike items are returned unmodified. These forms are modified:
letter - letter (A - B)
digit - digit (4-5)
digit separator digit - digit separator digit (4.1-4.5 or 4-1-4-5)
letterdigit - letterdigit (A1-A5) (an optional separator between letter and
digit is supported – a.1-a.5 or a-1-a-5)
digitletter - digitletter (5a - 5d) (an optional separator between letter and
digit is supported – 5.a-5.d or 5-a-5-d)
any other forms are returned unmodified.
str may be a comma- or semicolon-separated list
This code copied from Module:Citation/CS1. The only modification is to require Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities
so that it has access to the functions is_set() and has_accept_as_written()
]]
local function hyphen_to_dash( str )
local utilities = require ('Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities'); -- only modification so that this function has access to is_set() and has_accept_as_written()
if not utilities.is_set (str) then
return str;
end
local accept; -- Boolean
str = str:gsub ('&[nm]dash;', {['–'] = '–', ['—'] = '—'}); -- replace — and – entities with their characters; semicolon mucks up the text.split
str = str:gsub ('-', '-'); -- replace HTML numeric entity with hyphen character
str = str:gsub (' ', ' '); -- replace entity with generic keyboard space character
local out = {};
local list = mw.text.split (str, '%s*[,;]%s*'); -- split str at comma or semicolon separators if there are any
for _, item in ipairs (list) do -- for each item in the list
item, accept = utilities.has_accept_as_written (item); -- remove accept-this-as-written markup when it wraps all of item
if not accept and mw.ustring.match (item, '^%w*[%.%-]?%w+%s*[%-–—]%s*%w*[%.%-]?%w+$') then -- if a hyphenated range or has endash or emdash separators
if item:match ('^%a+[%.%-]?%d+%s*%-%s*%a+[%.%-]?%d+$') or -- letterdigit hyphen letterdigit (optional separator between letter and digit)
item:match ('^%d+[%.%-]?%a+%s*%-%s*%d+[%.%-]?%a+$') or -- digitletter hyphen digitletter (optional separator between digit and letter)
item:match ('^%d+[%.%-]%d+%s*%-%s*%d+[%.%-]%d+$') or -- digit separator digit hyphen digit separator digit
item:match ('^%d+%s*%-%s*%d+$') or -- digit hyphen digit
item:match ('^%a+%s*%-%s*%a+$') then -- letter hyphen letter
item = item:gsub ('(%w*[%.%-]?%w+)%s*%-%s*(%w*[%.%-]?%w+)', '%1–%2'); -- replace hyphen, remove extraneous space characters
else
item = mw.ustring.gsub (item, '%s*[–—]%s*', '–'); -- for endash or emdash separated ranges, replace em with en, remove extraneous whitespace
end
end
table.insert (out, item); -- add the (possibly modified) item to the output table
end
local temp_str = ''; -- concatenate the output table into a comma separated string
temp_str, accept = utilities.has_accept_as_written (table.concat (out, ', ')); -- remove accept-this-as-written markup when it wraps all of concatenated out
if accept then
temp_str = utilities.has_accept_as_written (str); -- when global markup removed, return original str; do it this way to suppress boolean second return value
return temp_str;
else
return temp_str; -- else, return assembled temp_str
end
end
--[[--------------------------< A R G S _ F E T C H >---------------------------------------------------------
Because all of the templates share a common set of parameters, a single common function to fetch those parameters
from frame and parent frame.
]]
local function args_fetch (frame, ps)
local args = args_default; -- create a copy of the default table
local pframe = frame:getParent(); -- point to the template's parameter table
for k, v in pairs (frame.args) do -- override defaults with values provided in the #invoke: if any
args[k] = v;
end
args.postscript = pframe.args.postscript or pframe.args.ps or ps;
if 'none' == args.postscript then
args.postscript = '';
end
args.group = pframe.args.group or '';
args.page = pframe.args.p or pframe.args.page or '';
args.pages = pframe.args.pp or pframe.args.pages or '';
args.pages = ('' ~= args.pages) and hyphen_to_dash (args.pages) or '';
args.location = pframe.args.at or pframe.args.loc or '';
args.ref = pframe.args.ref or pframe.args.Ref or '';
args.ignore = ('yes' == pframe.args['ignore-false-positive']) or ('yes' == pframe.args['ignore-err']);
for i, v in ipairs ({'P1', 'P2', 'P3', 'P4', 'P5'}) do -- loop through the five positional parameters and trim if set else empty string
args[v] = (pframe.args[i] and mw.text.trim (pframe.args[i])) or '';
end
if args.P5 and not is_year (args.P5, args) then
local i = 6; -- initialize the indexer to the sixth positional parameter
while pframe.args[i] do -- in case there are too many authors loop through the authors looking for a year
local v = mw.text.trim (pframe.args[i]); -- trim
if is_year (v, args) then -- if a year
args.P5 = v; -- overwrite whatever was in args.P5 with year
break; -- and abandon the search
end
i = i + 1; -- bump the indexer
end
end
return args;
end
--[[--------------------------< H A R V A R D _ C I T A T I O N >----------------------------------------------
common entry point for:
{{harvard citation}} aka {{harv}}
{{Harvard citation no brackets}} aka {{harvnb}}
{{harvcol}}
{{harvcolnb}}
{{harvcoltxt}}
{{Harvard citation text}} aka {{harvtxt}}
{{Harvp}}
Distinguishing features (brackets and page separators) are specified in this module's {{#invoke}} in the respective templates.
]]
local function harvard_citation (frame)
local args = args_fetch (frame, ''); -- get the template and invoke parameters; default postscript is empty string
return core (args);
end
--[[--------------------------< S T R I P _ U R L >------------------------------------------------------------
used by sfn() and sfnm(). This function fixes an issue with reference tooltip gadget where the tooltip is not displayed
when an insource locator (|p=, |pp=, |loc=) has an external wikilink that contains a # character
strip uri-reserved characters from urls in |p=, |pp-, and |loc= parameters The researved characters are:
!#$&'()*+,/:;=?@[]
]]
local function strip_url (pages)
local escaped_uri;
if not pages or ('' == pages) then
return pages;
end
for uri in pages:gmatch ('%[(%a[%w%+%.%-]*://%S+)') do -- for each external link get the uri
escaped_uri = uri:gsub ("([%(%)%.%%%+%-%*%?%[%^%$%]])", "%%%1" ); -- save a copy with lua pattern characters escaped
uri = uri:gsub ("[!#%$&'%(%)%*%+,/:;=%?@%[%]%.%%]", ''); -- remove reserved characters and '%' because '%20' (space character) is a lua 'invalid capture index'
pages = pages:gsub (escaped_uri, uri, 1); -- replace original uri with the stripped version
end
return pages;
end
--[[--------------------------< S F N >------------------------------------------------------------------------
entry point for {{sfn}} and {{sfnp}}
]]
local function sfn (frame)
local args = args_fetch (frame, '.'); -- get the template and invoke parameters; default postscript is a dot
local result = core (args); -- go make a CITEREF anchor
-- put it all together and then strip redundant spaces
local name = table.concat ({'FOOTNOTE', args.P1, args.P2, args.P3, args.P4, args.P5, strip_url (args.page), strip_url (args.pages), strip_url (args.location)}):gsub ('%s+', ' ');
return frame:extensionTag ({name='ref', args={group=args.group, name=name}, content=result});
end
--[[--------------------------< S F N M >----------------------------------------------------------------------
common entry point for {{sfnm}} and {{sfnmp}}
Distinguishing features (brackets) are specified in this module's {{#invoke}} in the respective templates.
]]
local function sfnm (frame)
local args = args_default; -- create a copy of the default table
local pframe = frame:getParent(); -- point to the template's parameter table
local n = 1; -- index of source; this is the 'n' in na1, ny, etc
local first_pnum = 1; -- first of a pair of positional parameters
local second_pnum = 2; -- second of a pair of positional parameters
local last_ps = 0; -- index of the last source with |nps= set
local last_index = 0; -- index of the last source; these used to determine which of |ps= or |nps= will terminate the whole rendering
local out = {}; -- table to hold rendered sources
local footnote = {'FOOTNOTE'}; -- all author, date, insource location stuff becomes part of the reference's footnote id; added as we go
for k, v in pairs (frame.args) do -- override defaults with values provided in the #invoke: if any
args[k] = v;
end
while true do
if not pframe.args[table.concat ({n, 'a1'})] and not pframe.args[first_pnum] then
break; -- no na1 or matching positional parameter so done
end
if pframe.args[table.concat ({n, 'a1'})] then -- does this source use named parameters?
for _, v in ipairs ({'P1', 'P2', 'P3', 'P4', 'P5'}) do -- initialize for this source
args[v] = '';
end
for i, v in ipairs ({'P1', 'P2', 'P3', 'P4', 'P5'}) do -- extract author and year parameters for this source
args[v] = pframe.args[table.concat ({n, 'a', i})] or ''; -- attempt to assign author name
if '' == args[v] then -- when there wasn't an author name
args[v] = pframe.args[table.concat ({n, 'y'})] or ''; -- attempt to assign year
break; -- done with author/date for this source
end
end
else -- this source uses positional parameters
args.P1 = mw.text.trim (pframe.args[first_pnum]); -- yes, only one author supported
args.P2 = (pframe.args[second_pnum] and mw.text.trim (pframe.args[second_pnum])) or ''; -- when positional author, year must also be positional
for _, v in ipairs ({'P3', 'P4', 'P5'}) do -- blank the rest of these for this source
args[v] = '';
end
first_pnum = first_pnum + 2; -- source must use positional author and positional year
second_pnum = first_pnum + 1; -- bump these for possible next positional source
end
args.postscript = pframe.args[table.concat ({n, 'ps'})] or '';
if 'none' == args.postscript then -- this for compatibility with other footnote templates; does nothing
args.postscript = '';
end
args.group = pframe.args.group or ''; -- reference group
args.ref = pframe.args[table.concat ({n, 'ref'})] or ''; -- alternate reference for this source
args.page = pframe.args[table.concat ({n, 'p'})] or ''; -- insource locations for this source
args.pages = pframe.args[table.concat ({n, 'pp'})] or '';
args.pages = ('' ~= args.pages) and hyphen_to_dash (args.pages) or '';
args.location = pframe.args[table.concat ({n, 'loc'})] or pframe.args[table.concat ({n, 'at'})] or '';
args.ignore = ('yes' == pframe.args[table.concat ({n, 'ignore-false-positive'})]) or ('yes' == pframe.args[table.concat ({n, 'ignore-err'})]);
table.insert (out, core (args)); -- save the rendering of this source
for k, v in ipairs ({'P1', 'P2', 'P3', 'P4', 'P5'}) do -- create the FOOTNOTE id
if '' ~= args[v] then
table.insert (footnote, args[v]);
end
end
for k, v in ipairs ({'page', 'pages', 'location'}) do -- these done separately so that we can strip uri-reserved characters from extlinked page numbers
if '' ~= args[v] then
table.insert (footnote, strip_url (args[v]))
end
end
last_index = n; -- flags used to select terminal postscript from nps or from end_ps
if '' ~= args.postscript then
last_ps = n;
end
n = n+1; -- bump for the next one
end
local name = table.concat (footnote):gsub ('%s+', ' '); -- put the footnote together and strip redundant space
args.end_ps = pframe.args.postscript or pframe.args.ps or '.'; -- this is the postscript for the whole not for the individual sources
if 'none' == args.end_ps then -- not an original sfnm parameter value; added for compatibility with other footnote templates
args.end_ps = '';
end
local result = table.concat ({table.concat (out, '; '), (last_index == last_ps) and '' or args.end_ps});
return frame:extensionTag ({name='ref', args={group=args.group, name=name}, content=result});
end
--[[--------------------------< S F N R E F >------------------------------------------------------------------
implements {{sfnref}}
]]
local function sfnref (frame)
local args = getArgs (frame);
local out = {};
for i=1, 5 do -- get the first five args if there are five args
if args[i] then
out[i] = args[i];
else
break; -- less than 5 args break out
end
end
if 5 == #out then -- when we have seen five args there may bemore
local i = 6; -- initialize the indexer to the sixth positional parameter
while args[i] do -- in case there are too many authors loop through the authors looking for a year
if is_year (args[i], args) then -- if a year
out[5] = args[i]; -- overwrite whatever was in args[5] with year
break; -- and abandon the search
end
i = i + 1; -- bump the indexer
end
end
return mw.uri.anchorEncode ('CITEREF' .. table.concat (out));
end
--[[--------------------------< E X P O R T E D F U N C T I O N S >------------------------------------------
]]
return {
harvard_citation = harvard_citation,
sfn = sfn,
sfnm = sfnm,
sfnref = sfnref,
target_check = target_check,
};